BOSHLANG‘ICH SINFLARDA STEM TA’LIMINI AMALIY JORIY ETISH: XORIJIY MAKTABLAR TAJRIBASI VA O‘ZBEKISTON UCHUN TAVSIYALAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66345/stj.6637Keywords:
STEM ta'limi, boshlang‘ich sinf, fanlararo yondashuv, xorijiy tajriba, innovatsion o‘qitish, ta'lim modeli, O‘zbekiston.Abstract
Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sinflarda (1–4-sinflar) STEM ta'limini amaliy joriy etishning xorijiy tajribasi o‘rganiladi. Tadqiqotning maqsadi AQSh, Finlandiya, Singapur va Janubiy Koreyaning boshlang‘ich ta'lim muassasalarida STEM yondashuvini qo‘llash modellarini qiyosiy tahlil qilish hamda O‘zbekiston ta'lim tizimiga moslashtirilgan amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqishdan iborat. Tadqiqotda qiyosiy tahlil, adabiyotlar sharhi va ta'limiy modellarni o‘rganish metodlaridan foydalanildi. Tahlil natijalari shuni ko‘rsatdiki, STEM ta'limini boshlang‘ich sinflardan boshlab joriy etish o‘quvchilarning mantiqiy fikrlash, muammolarni hal etish va ijodiy ko‘nikmalarini sezilarli darajada rivojlantiradi. Xorijiy maktablar tajribasi asosida O‘zbekiston uchun fanlararo integratsiya, o‘qituvchilarni qayta tayyorlash va o‘quv muhitini modernizatsiya qilishga doir maxsus tavsiyalar ishlab chiqildi.
Downloads
References
1. Bybee, R. W. (2013). The Case for STEM Education: Challenges and Opportunities. Arlington: NSTA Press.
2. Engelhardt, P., & McEneaney, J. (2016). Engineering is Elementary: Impact on Primary School Students. Journal of Pre-College Engineering Education Research, 6(2), 12–27.
3. Sahlberg, P. (2015). Finnish Lessons 2.0: What Can the World Learn from Educational Change in Finland? New York: Teachers College Press.
4. Wong, K. Y. (2019). Problem-Based Learning in Singapore Primary Schools: A STEM Integration Model. Asia-Pacific Journal of Education, 39(3), 415–430.
5. Yakman, G. (2012). STEAM Education: An Overview of Creating a Model of Integrative Education. Pupils Attitudes Towards Technology Conference.
6. Cross, N. (2011). Design Thinking: Understanding How Designers Think and Work. Oxford: Berg Publishers.
7. National Research Council. (2012). A Framework for K-12 Science Education: Practices, Crosscutting Concepts, and Core Ideas. Washington: National Academies Press.
8. Kim, Y., & Park, N. (2020). Maker Space Implementation in Korean Primary Education: Effects on Student Creativity. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 30(4), 891–908.
9. Yusupova, M. (2022). O‘zbekiston maktablarida STEM yo‘nalishini joriy etishning imkoniyatlari. Pedagogika va psixologiya, 4(1), 45–52.
10. Xoliqov, B. (2023). Boshlang‘ich ta'limda innovatsion metodlarni qo‘llash muammolari. Ilm va ta'lim, 2(3), 78–86.
11. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2020 yil 6 noyabrdagi PQ-4872-son Qaror. "Ta'lim sohasini yanada rivojlantirish chora-tadbirlari to‘g‘risida".
12. OECD. (2022). Education at a Glance 2022: OECD Indicators. Paris: OECD Publishing.
13. Gonzalez, H. B., & Kuenzi, J. J. (2012). Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education: A Primer. Congressional Research Service.
14. Kelley, T. R., & Knowles, J. G. (2016). A conceptual framework for integrated STEM education. International Journal of STEM Education, 3(11), 1–11.
15. UNESCO. (2021). Reimagining our futures together: A new social contract for education. Paris: UNESCO.
